Article - Tech Giks

Make Money with Cryptocurrency

Cryptocurrency is still a relatively new market, but it’s grown rapidly over the past few years. More than 1,300 virtual currencies are now available, and the combined market valuation for all of them is over $200 billion. As a result, investors have been interested in this market, creating new opportunities for those seeking to benefit from the digital economy. If you do not know where to begin as a beginner, you should invest in the cryptocurrency craze. Making money with crypto can be challenging, but there are several ways to increase your investment and see it grow faster than you might expect.

Cryptocurrency - Six Money-Making Ways

Here are six ways you can make money with cryptocurrency:

Buy and Hold

The simplest and most traditional way to invest in cryptocurrency is to buy and hold until the price increases. It is similar to how you might buy and hold stocks or shares, a strategy that has worked well in the past. However, remember that not every virtual currency will grow in value. Plenty of coins have been created to facilitate specific tasks; others are comparable to utility tokens. Therefore, if you’re planning to buy and hold for the long term, it’s essential to research and find out which coins are likely to appreciate.

Trade and Invest

Another way to make money with cryptocurrency is to trade actively and invest. It is a little riskier than buying and holding coins but can also lead to higher returns. A little effort and time will allow you to use a trading platform to make short-term investments in various currencies. Then, when you’ve found crypto you think will go up in value, you can sell it and move your money into a new coin before the price returns. You can also use investment strategies like dollar-cost averaging to ensure you don’t lose money if the market drops.

Run a Node

You can earn money by running a node if you have an ample supply of a particular virtual currency. In cryptocurrency, a node is simply a computer with a full copy of the blockchain and helps process and verify transactions. Bitcoin, for example, relies on thousands of nodes to stay online and serve as a decentralised currency. With sufficient computing power, you can become a node and earn a small bitcoin by confirming transactions and helping to process payments. Other cryptocurrencies offer node rewards, so you’ll want to research and find out which ones are worth running.

Become an ICO Advisor

If you’re particularly savvy regarding cryptocurrency and ICOs, you can make money by becoming an advisor. The concept of an ICO allows companies and startups to raise funds by selling tokens that can be used in their specific ecosystem. They’ve become trendy over the past year, but serious risks are involved. So if a company decides to hold an ICO, they may want to consult an expert to ensure it’s done right. You can earn money by advising companies on how to run their ICO and reviewing their whitepaper and tokens to ensure they’re legitimate.

Help with Development

Additionally, you can earn money through cryptocurrency by helping to develop new coins and projects. Plenty of new coins are on the market, and many need help with development. If you possess the necessary skills and knowledge to assist with specific crypto projects, you can earn money by helping developers build their coins and ecosystems. You can find projects to work on by browsing job boards and Craigslist ads and contacting developers who may need help with certain aspects of their projects.

Conclusion

Making money with cryptocurrency is challenging, but investing time and effort can make it possible. In addition to purchasing and holding coins, you can trade them, invest in specific currencies, run a node, become an ICO advisor, or help with development. There are several ways in which it is possible to make money with cryptocurrencies, and the market is still relatively new, which means plenty of opportunities.

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Article Featured News Tech

iPhone Craze in 2022

Jul 8, 2022 Shakti

iPhone Craze in 2022

Have you heard about iPhone? Of course, you have because iPhone is one of the leading smartphones in the business. More than 1 billion people use iPhones today, an increase of 5.48% from the past year. In addition, the iPhone craze in 2022 has excited the market, as getting an iPhone is a dream for almost everyone.llamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.

History of the iPhone

Apple Company announced the first iPhone on Jan 9, 2007, and released it on June 29, 2007, with some crucial features, including a 3.5-inch diagonal screen, 2-megapixel camera, and 4GB/8GB RAM. The price was $499 and $599 for the two models. After the first release of the iPhone, the company brought new models annually, increasing its features gradually until today.

All Models of iPhone from the beginning to 2022

iPhone (2007)
iPhone 3G (2008)
iPhone 3Gs (2009)
iPhone 4 (2010)
iPhone 4S (2011)
iPhone 5 (2012)
iPhone 5S/5C (2013)
iPhone 6/6 Plus (2014)
iPhone 6s/6s Plus (2015)
iPhone 7/7 Plus (2016)
iPhone 8/8 Plus (2017)
iPhone X (2017)
iPhone XR (2018)
iPhone XS/XS Max (2018)
iPhone 11 (2019)
iPhone 11 Pro/Pro Max (2019)
iPhone 12/12 mini (2020)
iPhone 12 Pro/Pro Max (2020)
iPhone 13/13 mini (2021)
iPhone 13 Pro/Pro Max (2021)
iPhone 14 (Coming Soon)

iPhone had 11 million users in 2008 and reached over 1 billion worldwide.

Why is the iPhone so famous?

iPhone is famous worldwide because of the company’s brand value, which has been maintained and upgraded since the beginning. As a result, most celebrities and big shots use iPhones today, increasing their value. In general, I believe they are well-known for their superior construction, security, seamless hardware and software integration, and a host of other factors.

You’ll notice a lot of cell phones if you visit any coffee shop, bar, restaurant, or other public area and glance around. Additionally, the likelihood is high that most of the phones you encounter will be iPhones, depending on where you are. Why, then, are iPhones so widespread? If you now own an Android phone, you might have thought about switching many times and wondered if it would be worthwhile. Learn why you should convert to an iPhone immediately by researching what makes iPhones superior to their Android counterparts.

Some of the essential features of iPhones are:

Built-quality

High-Resolution Cameras

Powerful Processor

Dominant Operating System (IOS)

Siri (Voice-activated virtual assistant)

Wireless Charging

Useful built-in apps

iPhone among the Youths

iPhone is not only famous among elders but for youngsters. As the phone is feature-loaded with various exciting features, the new generation loves it. Most of them use iPhones for entertainment purposes, but some find them useful for work-related use like videography, professional photography, professional gaming and many more. Many people earn money from iPhones by developing high-quality video content, streaming etc. The first-generation iPhones cost $499 and $599, reaching around $1599 due to the upgrades from then to now.

Some of the drawbacks of having an iPhone would be:

Expensive
Non-replaceable parts
High repair cost
Larger size apps
Less free apps

iPhone on the way?

Apple is planning to bring four new models this year:

Two high-end models (6.1-inch and 6.7-inch versions)

Two low-end models (exact sizes)

Major Upgrades

Some possible significant upgrades in the new iPhone are:

Body Design (Titanium Chassis Design)

Faster A16 Chip

New Hardware design

Hole and Pill Shaped design for the selfie camera and FaceID

Wide-angle camera upgrade to 48 MP

Prices are expected to be around $1000 and above.

Finally please check our blog, Technology in the Modern World.

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Article Tech

The Journey from Musically to TikTok

Jul 7, 2022 Shakti

The Journey from Muscially to TikTok

The Journey from Musically to TikTok – We all know about TikTok as it is one of the most famous applications worldwide, with a massive 1 billion monthly users. Here we will talk about the journey from Musically to TikTok, how it began and what is happening today. TikTok is a social media app that lets users create, post and share short videos online. It has a unique feature from other applications: the videos the user posts can reach any TikTok user without being friends with the user.

How and When did TikTok start?

TikTok was launched in September 2016 by a Chinese company, ByteDance, also known as Douyin, in China. The owner of ByteDance is Zhang Yiming, the second richest man in China. The growth of TikTok began after it acquired a similar app known as Musical.ly, which already had over 200 million users at that time.

Musical.ly

Alex Zhu and Luyu Yang created Musical.ly in 2014 in Shanghai, with its headquarters in America in Santa Monica, California. Firstly, the two friends launched the app in the Chinese and American markets, but later it became so famous that it became the most downloaded app in over 30 countries. The app allows users to create 15 seconds to 1-minute-long music videos with various other video editing features.

The application did very well, earning over 90 million users in 2 years; in 2017, it already had over 200 million users. The process would have continued, but ByteDance Limited acquired Musical.ly on November 10, 2017, which can be considered an end to Musical.ly because after ByteDance acquired it, they merged all the accounts of Musical.ly to TikTok. As a result, the company changed the name Musical.ly to TikTok.

Growth of TikTok

TikTok is a social media app that allows users to create and share short-form videos, from 15 seconds to 10 mins long. In September 2016, ByteDance launched TikTok in China under the name Douyin, and it became available globally in September 2017. As a result of its algorithm, TikTok curates a personalised “For You” feed based on each user’s interests and viewing history based on artificial intelligence. The app has several video categories: dance, comedy, lip-sync, and education.

In addition to creating videos using various tools and effects, such as filters, music, and text overlays, users can collaborate with other users, participate in challenges, and engage with their audiences through comments, likes, and shares. Besides being a platform for viral trends and memes, TikTok has helped launch the careers of many social media influencers and content creators. With over 1 billion active users, TikTok is one of the world’s most popular social media apps.

Musical.ly was already a popular application, so the growth was unstoppable after the name changed to TikTok. When the application launched in 2017, it had millions of users, reaching billions today. Between January 2018 and July 2020, TikTok’s global user base increased by 1157.76%. The application has gradually increased its features attracting more users to create accounts which helped them to have over a billion monthly active users today.

How to make money on TikTok

Join the TikTok Creator Fund: TikTok has a Creator Fund that pays eligible creators for their content. To be eligible, you must be at least 18 years old, have at least 100,000 followers, and have received at least 100,000 video views in the past 30 days.
Sell products to your fans: You could sell merchandise related to your TikTok brand, such as t-shirts, phone cases, or other accessories. Use print-on-demand services like Printful to create and sell your products.
Go live & collect virtual gifts: TikTok allows users to earn virtual gifts from their viewers during live streams. These virtual gifts can be converted into real money.
Brand partnerships: Partner with influencers or other brands in the TikTok creator marketplace. If you have a large following on TikTok, you could collaborate with brands to promote their products or services. It could involve creating sponsored content like product reviews, unboxing videos, or tutorials.
Create in-feed ads with the TikTok ads manager.
Crowdfund projects by collecting donations from fans
Collect “tips” from your audience.
Start a Patreon and offer fan subscriptions.
Affiliate marketing: You could promote products or services on TikTok and earn a commission for sales through your unique affiliate link. There are several affiliate marketing programs that you could join, such as Amazon Associates or ClickBank.

Make Money from TikTok Paid Subscription - March 2023 Update

TikTok has released a paid subscription feature for creators, which means you can get money from people watching your videos. TikTok, famous for its short videos, launched the feature on 7th March 2023. Creators can upload 20-minute-long videos through this feature. In this way, the company has mentioned up to 80 videos can be placed in one collection (album). Creators can charge users US$1 to 190 to view such groups.

In this way, you can access the creator’s collection by paying the fee set by the creator. In the initial phase, the company will not take any commission from the creator. However, when the company goes to the in-app purchase feature, it will also bear the 30 percent fee to be paid to the app store. Such videos can be accessed using the creator’s profile page or video link. The company has implemented such a strategy to increase the income of Tiktok creators. It is the latest step of TikTok to help creators in monetisation. Eligible creators will receive notifications from the company, as mentioned by various media.

However, typical users need clarification on how TikTok will incorporate creators into the new and highly successful business model. TikTok’s best algorithm is its For You page, where creators’ content automatically reaches their audience. However, in this case, it may not be appropriate for creators to keep their good content for a subscription. Because the algorithm will not work for creators, not subscription members, digital platforms are lately helping creators monetise their content. In such a situation, users must guess which creators can get a subscription and promote their work.

Earlier, Instagram also announced subscriptions for creators and influencers. However, the creator has to pay a certain monthly fee to subscribe. Based on the content, including stories and live videos, payment arrangements are being arranged from 0.99 USD to 99.99 USD per month. Instagram, which owns Meta, said it has yet to make plans to cut revenue from creator subscriptions.

Dark Side of TikTok

Scams through fake accounts
Addictive
Data collection
Hateful Content and Speech
Security

Benefits of using TikTok

Entertainment
Business Marketing
Paid Ad features
Earning through live videos
Increase fan base/ brand awareness
Publicity
News
Learning ideas

Finally, hope you liked our blog: The Journey from Musically to TikTok. Learn more about tech-related topics here.

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Article Featured Tech

Technology in the Modern World

Jul 6, 2022 Shakti

Technology in the Modern World

Have you wondered about the impact of technology on our daily lives? Maybe the tech items won’t count in your fingers because there are so many. But this is how we can imagine the impact of Technology in the Modern World. Think about the first thing you need right after you wake up. Is it a cup of coffee or a smartphone? Well, we all know the most probable answers.

All of us want our life to be easy and stress-free, so what helps us the most is, of course, the products of technology. It won’t make sense to travel some miles, buy something, and come back home when you can have the required things at home with some taps on your smartphone. Therefore, we are constantly surrounded by technology wherever we go.

Brief History

Years ago, people walked hours to cover a couple of miles of distance. Then, they waited days to receive a message from friends and family. So, everything would take time and a lot of energy. The first technology ever developed by humans was stone tools, through which they would create knives, hammers, axes, and arrowheads.

As humans settled in agricultural societies, technology evolved, including metal tools instead of stone ones. They reshaped the metals by raising their temperature and transforming them into required forms. The evolution of technology continues to this day, where nothing seems possible without using technology. So it has continued since then.

Everyday Use of Technology

Some standard technology we use every day are:

Home Appliances

Home appliances are the primary forms of technology we use every day. The list may include anything in your house, like light bulbs, fans, refrigerators, coffee machines, washing machines etc., and the list goes on and on. You obviously can’t imagine your life without these things today.

Computers/Laptops

Computers and Laptops are electronic devices created to make human life more manageable. Firstly, they used them for calculations, but you know the uses now. We can do almost everything using computers, like studying, entertainment, software development, graphics designing, filmmaking and many more. The internet was introduced in 1983, giving more value to using computers. It made life even easier because we could know anything we wanted, and distance was never a problem in communicating or staying informed about what was happening in any corner of the world.

Smartphones/Tablets

Computers were so prominent in their early days, but with evolution, the size gradually shrank and increased performance. The process continued until smartphones were introduced in 1994, featuring calling and using various valuable applications. Today, we can book transportation, click pictures and videos, buy stuff, and do business with smartphones.

Smart Televisions

Television’s sole purpose was entertainment and news, but now smart televisions can do almost anything your phone or laptop can do. With the addition of extra features, the quality of the content we see on television has also increased because only black and white images were visible on the first televisions.

Accessories

While using electronic items, accessories have become almost compulsory because they add value to our electronics, making it easier to use computers with accessories. For example, using headphones to listen from a computer is like using a spoon to eat from a plate, so accessories play a vital role. Some of the most used and essential accessories today are earphones/headphones, flash drives, speakers, power banks etc.

Above are the most common technologies we use daily, but more are used in particular fields and can be operated only by experts. Some essential terms in the technology field could be Web hosting, IT Tools, WordPress, Graphic Design, S E O etc. In addition, a wide range of areas in the IT sector has been created to evolve technology further.

Besides the use of technology in the ordinary world, they are used in various sectors:

Medical Field: Ultrasound imaging, X-rays, Computerized Tomography (CT) Scans etc., are expected impacts of technology in the Medical Field.

E-Commerce: Technology is used for payment, marketing, analytics, research etc.

Government: E-Registrations, Contracts Management, Research, Data Collection and many more.

Military: Conventional Weapons, Sensors, Simulation and Modeling, Battlespace Environments etc.

The list can continue on and on because technology has an impact in almost every field.

If you are interested in technology, you can study IT and progress your career in technology.

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Article Business Peace Conflict

An Illusion of Peace

Jun 11, 2022 Shakti

An Illusion of Peace

Prof. Dr Brian Cobb

“We lived many lives in those swirling campaigns, never sparing ourselves any good or evil; yet when we had achieved, and the new world dawned, the old men came out again and took from us our victory, and remade it in the likeness of the former world they knew. Youth could win but had yet to learn to keep and was pitiably weak against age. So we stammered that we had worked for a new heaven and earth, and they thanked us kindly and made their peace” It was written not in the present-day Nepal bulletin 1919 by T. E. Lawrence in the wake of the disastrous Treaty of Versailles. The victorious Allied powers, France, the UK and the US, imposed fatal, punitive conditions on the Germans that laid the foundations for Hitler’s rise and World War II.

Fortunately, the Allies learned a lesson. At the end of World War II, the next generation of leaders helped rehabilitate Germany and all of Europe, resulting in a stable and peaceful political order. The lesson is that vindictive, harsh strategies are counterproductive. Generating anger and hatred only lead to future violence and instability. And yet, I see Nepal going down that road today. Some of my ideas, such as my suggestions in 2004 that the parties negotiate with the Maoists directly, that the palace needed to be sidelined for peace for republicanism and that the country is demilitarised, has been finally adopted. So I’d like to be heard again.

The current strategy of imprisoning the Maoist cadres in conditions barely suitable for animals sows the seeds of future instability. The Maoists are not evil or mad; they are young people who saw their only hope of having better lives in revolution. The attitude of the Nepali elite and the international community is selfish, arrogant, immoral and doomed to failure. To imprison them in ramshackle Guantanamos, where the climate and disease, rather than the CIA, do the torturing, is most unwise.

Since returning to Nepal, I’ve seen so much. I’ve had experiences of government officials and party higher-ups trying to shake me down for bribes to be allowed the privilege of helping people experiencing poverty. I’ve seen how corruption denies medical care and economic development to low-income people and how the elites keep them in misery to attract donor funds they divert for their use, leaving the masses to suffer.

I’ve often seen high-caste doctors put their presumed inferiors aside to die of neglect and heard they’re sincerely felt but racist justifications. If anything, it worsened in the wake of the second Andolan. The elites think the people took to the streets to elect them, not to regain democracy to select a better leader; they fail to realise that public support for parties and politicians is relatively weak, which is vital for democracy.

I hear these same elites condemning the extortion and violence of the Maoists, uncaring and uncomprehending that the politicians and bureaucrats extort more and cause more suffering. Is there any moral difference between a Maoist who shoots someone and a Health Ministry official whose corruption condemns many more people to death and hell? No, there is not. So it’s time to drop the hypocritical self-righteousness and accept that Einstein was right when he told us, “Problems cannot be solved at the same level of thinking that created them.”

It has been the structural violence, oppression, caste discrimination, exploitation, greed, corruption and arrogance of the Nepali elites that has given rise to the Maoist movement, and the same people with the same ideology are now setting the stage for continued instability in their relentless quest for short term gains in money, power and fame. They are trying to crush the Maoists as a mainstream political force by imposing hardships on their cadres, punishing them instead of rehabilitating and marginalising their leaders.

Young people who have become inured to violence and lack any prospects for education, jobs and improved living conditions will resort to crime in the short term and revolution in a slightly longer time. They will be a scourge. But are their demands unreasonable? Not at all. While it is correct to call upon them to renounce violence and intimidation, it is essential to understand that they must be brought into the mainstream for this to happen.

The airport is the only institution in Nepal today that inspires hope in the youth. Nearly all of them dream of going far away, to a place where their caste doesn’t consign them to be treated like animals, where they can go as far as their talents and hard work can take them. They are bitter and pessimistic about Nepal. Now this brain drain is suitable from the perspective of the elite because it takes away the most thoughtful and ambitious. It could be better for the economic development of the country. Still, past democratic governments have not pursued development because it’s easier to rake in donor funds than the proceeds of private industry and easier to manipulate impoverished masses than a prosperous nation.

The rush to re-establish the status quo ante politically contradicts the demands of the people’s movement. It will yield a short-term bounty for the elites but to the detriment of Nepali society and the nobility. The parties delude themselves into thinking they have the support of the majority, who view them with distrust and disgust. Many of the nation’s youth are voicing support for the Maoists as a political force because, whatever their past misdeeds, they are the only ones with a vision and an inclusive philosophy. Unless the other parties make room for newer, more honest and competent leaders, they will defeat when elections are finally held.

In his insightful Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech, the Bangladeshi economist and father of the microcredit movement, Dr Mohammad Yunus, said, “Peace should be understood humanly − in a broad social, political and economical way. Peace is threatened by unjust economic, social and political order, the absence of democracy, environmental degradation and human rights.

Poverty is the absence of all human rights. Poverty’s frustrations, hostility and anger cannot sustain peace in any society. To build stable peace, we must find opportunities for people to live decent lives.” He stated, “I believe we can create a poverty-free world because poor people do not create poverty. It has been created and sustained by the economic and social system we have designed for ourselves; the institutions and concepts that make up that system; the policies we pursue.”

Articulating some noble sentiments, as the interim government has done, is deceptive and futile when the mechanisms of government are as corrupt and inefficient as Nepal’s. Implementing these worthy ideas by the current bureaucracy would be a miracle on par with the creation of the universe. Rapid, widespread and fearless corruption control must precede all else.

The unjust social order must dismantle. It is an unpalatable but undeniable historical truth that nowhere and never has an oppressive elite suddenly undergone simultaneous and radical character transformation; only when discredited persons and ideologies are replaced has progress occurred. It is also a gross distortion when the oppressors seek to portray themselves as victims and label inclusiveness “caste warfare.” Although nearly all the elites are upper caste, most upper castes are non-elite and exploited.

For example, the recent political charade of offering increased access to severely inadequately staffed and equipped district hospitals without real health care reform merely reveals the cynicism of the political elites. An excellent place to start rebuilding as Nepal struggles to move from medievalism to modernity is with the education and rehabilitation of the Maoist cadres. It would be an exercise to understand Dr Yunus’s sound principles and get beyond conventional zero-sum thinking. It would be a good investment in the future of Nepal and the right thing to do.

It was the youth who brought the monarchy to its knees. The martyrs and Andolankari were overwhelmingly students and working-class youth. For the older men who watched the people’s movement on their colour TVs to emerge and attempt to recreate the dystopia they created in the name of democracy will not do. Nevertheless, a new society is possible, as history proves. And the youth of Nepal, the major stakeholders in its future and its demographically most powerful voting bloc should expect no more than this and be content with no less.

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National Resuscitation – A Priority Based Protocol

Jun 11, 2022 Shakti

National Resuscitation – A Priority Based Protocol

By Prof Dr Brian Cobb

National Resuscitation – A Priority Based Protocol – Nepal is in critical condition. There is tiny disagreement on the diagnosis except in particular small and nearly psychotic circles. But as to the prescribed treatment, there are many opinions. First, could you explain my background? I am an emergency and critical care medicine specialist. We care for unstable, severely ill or injured persons with various problems. We often have to act quickly to stabilise the patient before we have time to fully assess all details or attend to less urgent issues, so we use priority-based protocols, doing the most important things first.

However, we are also realists; we must be accurate, pragmatic and flexible. This perspective also informs my thinking about Nepal’s crisis; the situation must be stabilised, and other problems should be addressed. The most critical issues are the ongoing violence and the failure of governance. These two are inseparably linked. One cannot have democracy, which requires free and fair all-party elections, without a bilateral ceasefire and non-interference on all sides. Only one can have peace with an agreement between the armed factions, Monarch-Military and Maoist.

The American plan, which calls for the renunciation of the 12-point agreement, fails to accept an admirable attempt at a resolution recognising the importance of making peace with the Maoists and bringing them into the mainstream. Instead, it returns to a royally appointed party government with the ongoing war. Its justification focuses on Maoist atrocities and dishonesty while ignoring the same offences in the government; it is special pleading. The 12-point agreement, because it insists on republicanism and a constituent assembly, is unfortunately doomed to rejection by the King. And, of course, a Maoist-King pact without party involvement would be undemocratic. Only a tri-factional agreement can succeed, which none of these schemes can bring about.

The nexus between peace and democracy is transparent, but no strategy is possible unless it is acceptable to all three factions, no matter how logically compelling or desirable. Continued intransigence brings continued war with its horrendous toll of death, destruction, disability and dictatorship. Therefore, all sections must start with the principles: of enduring peace, justice, equality, development, human rights and democratic governance with fair elections. Then they must consider goals: ending the war, reinstating true democracy, and healing the nation’s wounds. Next, they have to agree on the strategies where the impasse arises.

Nepal’s 1990 constitution is flawed, with loopholes big enough to drive a Rolls Royce—or an armoured military vehicle—through. His Majesty and his retainers are happy, but the parties and Maoists call for a constituent assembly to draft a new constitution. As desirable as this is, it’s clear that the palace will never accept it because of the likelihood that it will prepare a Republican charter. Therefore, the heavily armed and determined royal faction will take no solution requiring a constituent assembly.

The parties and Maoists will not accept a monarchy controlling a military force because of the risk to democracy. It seems an insoluble problem, but it is not. History tells us that until 2001 Nepal was effectively demilitarised; the army was small, weak and poorly armed, existing only to guard the palace and provide pomp on state occasions. Given the massive militaries of Nepal’s only two neighbours, the RNA would be useless in an unlikely attack.

For a developing nation, military spending takes away severely needed funds from social programs and discharging 100,000 RNA personnel and tens of thousands of Maoist troops will aggravate unemployment and crime. Better to use them for development by building infrastructure, improving health care and education, and otherwise striking at the roots of the insurgency: poverty, discrimination, lack of opportunity, unemployment, illiteracy and poor health. His Majesty wishes to be an active monarch, not purely ceremonial, but the 12-point agreement envisions no monarchy. It seems irresolvable, but it isn’t. The monarchy in its present form is what the parties and Maoists find unacceptable. It should be accepted if its condition changes from an actual or potential autocracy into something positive.

The solution is obvious: disarm the RNA and Maoists, place security responsibilities under a better-trained and more accountable police force, and put the troops to work solving the country’s problems under the King. The monarchy will have been re-invented as a progressive, socially beneficial and non-threatening institution. The monarchy is in a vicious cycle of brutality and repression, resulting in more opposition and provoking more brutality. This cyclone of injustice and rage now threatens Narayanhiti Palace and the nation, rapidly reducing His Majesty to King of the Kathmandu Valley.

Peace and democracy can restore in nine steps:

Bilateral ceasefire
Agreement on the plan’s terms, including future constitutional amendments
Reinstatement of the dissolved House and appointment of an all-party Council of Ministers with Maoist representation
Placement of the RNA under UN commanders as a peacekeeping force
Voluntary disarmament of the Maoists
All party (Maoists included) parliamentary elections
Disarmament of the RNA, incorporation of former Maoist cadres, and transformation into a national development corps under royal supervision
Formation of the elected parliament and democratic governance under the current constitution
Passage of the previously agreed constitutional amendments or, better yet, a constituent assembly to draft a new constitution whose terms would be negotiated by the parliament and the palace.

This plan will rapidly stabilise the political situation, end the war, promote sustainability and reconstruction, and return the country to democracy. By putting principles first, with flexibility as to strategies and doing the right thing for the people of Nepal, the factions will also act in their best interests. Their current rigidity and divisiveness only prolong the nation’s agony and diminish their support base.

Several years ago, Albert Einstein said, “Problems cannot solve at the same level of thinking that created them.” Nepal’s dying condition results from corruption, callousness, incompetence, brutality and arrogance on the part of the government and cruelty and impatience on the part of the Maoists, and reversing those pathologies is the only way to cure it.

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A Path to Peace

Jun 11, 2022 Shakti

A Path to Peace

By Prof Dr Brian Cobb

A Path to Peace – While the debates rage in Kathmandu, violence and disruption of the mechanisms of society ravage the countryside and bring immense suffering to the Nepali people. I humbly offer some observations and proposals that, unlike Mr Krishna Prasad Bhattarai’s, are neither magical nor contingent upon my becoming Prime Minister. I’m content to be a Bidesi who loves Nepal and its people.

The three significant factions dominating the debate and the nation, the Palace-Army coalition, the political parties, and the Maoists, all hold themselves out as the legitimate voices of the people. But arguably, these factions have the support and respect of a small portion of the population of Nepal, whose silent masses are ignored in the dialogues. Pious platitudes and impracticable promises fill the air, but it’s clear that the factions are pursuing their own and not the people’s interests. If we accept the premise that legitimate governance rests on the consent and support of the people, none of the factions can be regarded as holding moral authority. Instead, all rely on overheated rhetoric and violence to maintain their positions.

If I partially share the widespread pessimism that holds that Nepal is on the verge of becoming, if not already, a failed state, I contend that these views discount the strength of the people, especially the 92% living outside the Kathmandu Valley that seems to comprise the universe of the intelligentsia and the 80% living under medieval conditions in the villages. The Nepali people have survived for centuries in these hills and on the terai. They have endured war, famine, epidemics, oppression and poverty and thrived. Their strength, diligence, cohesion and adaptability give me cause for optimism.

The palace-army coalition currently dominates the Kathmandu scene. We can consider Mr Deuba as part of this faction. I have been, and continue to be, critical of this faction’s suppression of democracy, violations of fundamental human rights, brutality and intransigence. But it will not do to make them the scapegoats they have become. The king didn’t initiate this mess; he alone couldn’t solve it. Neither will it do for Mr Deuba to misrepresent reality by calling the Maoists terrorists and criminals while glossing over the larger-scale atrocities of the police and army.

Is there any moral difference between a health minister who embezzles funds for pastoral care, knowing that people will die, and a Maoist who guns down fewer of those same people? No. Is there any moral difference between a politician who diverts school funding into Pajeros, mansions and bank accounts for himself and a Maoist who burns a school down? No. The Maoists’ grievances against the government and most of their 40-point agenda are laudable. But their cruelty and large-scale human rights violations are horrific and unjustifiable; noble goals do not sanctify evil means.

Terrorism, disruption of the lifelines of food and health care upon which the rural poor depend, and unjust administration of areas under their control have no place in a civilised world. Their premature resort to the overt violence of guns and bombs in response to the centuries-old structural violence that has left Nepalis with lives that fit Hobbes’s description, “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short,” has inflicted more suffering and alleviated none. However, the fledgling democracy’s—or, more accurately, kleptocracy’s—pattern of misrule gave them little reason for hope of better things without extreme measures.

Despite Mr Deuba’s enthusiasm for ongoing war as the answer, the RNA staff, the US and India have admitted that a military solution is impossible and that its attempt will cost many more lives directly, through weapons and indirectly through starvation and illness. The only answer lies in a negotiated peace; the sooner, the better. How many more families will have to grieve for their slain sons and daughters? How many will more villagers have to starve or die of easily treatable causes? How many poor adolescents and young adults will have to shoot their relatives and neighbours? How long will Nepal’s meagre resources have to be used for making war instead of making a peaceful and just society? The Common Minimum Program does not specify that.

There is a way out. First, we must realise that there are no “good guys” in this drama other than the vast majority of Nepalis cowed into silence. None of the factions can claim either virtue or popular mandate. Second, the sections must accept that they cannot unilaterally impose their will upon the people and that compromise alone can solve the impasse. Third, it is clear that outside assistance will require for both successful negotiations and fair elections. Fourth, all must recognise that only the people, not themselves, are sovereign.

Two significant issues obstruct the path to peace. The first is whether the elected officials or the palace should control the army; the second is whether to select a constituent assembly to write a new constitution or keep the old, tattered one. The parties and the Maoists favour the former positions and the latter. The first controversy, control of the army, can be eliminated by a radical but rational scheme. First, Nepal’s only two neighbours, India and China, possess massive, sophisticated, nuclear-armed forces. Therefore, this country would be defenceless, with or without the army, in the unlikely event of an attack. Second, armies are always dangerous to democracy in developing countries because of the threat of coups d’etat, such as in Burma and Pakistan.

Third, the 80,000 soldiers and support personnel could be deployed to provide education, health care, basic infrastructure and other pressing needs. That would give over 1000 peacemakers per district; had such a scheme been put in place in 1991, it is unlikely that the Maoist problem would exist. Instead of fellow Nepalis, the enemies should be the ignorance, illiteracy, disease, poverty and lack of basic infrastructure that leave Nepal near the bottom of the world regarding quality of life. Finally, the question of control would not be controversial. The armed police would remain under elected officials after the army converted to peaceful use following the demobilisation and disarmament of the Maoists.

The palace must give ground since the parties, the Maoists, and arguably most Nepalis favour a new constitution. It must realise it is on thin ice politically and would not survive a referendum. Its best option will be to consent to a new body if the parties pledge their delegates would continue to support a constitutional monarchy.

The Maoists must forswear future violence if they don’t get their way, an inevitable contingency in a democratic government. They must give up their demand to redeploy their military cadres and accept education, job skills training, and job creation as the solutions to the lack of education and opportunity that have driven the rural youth into military service, menial labour and prostitution. They must realise that their manifesto will serve as something other than the Constitution. Ties with foreign militant groups must be repudiated and severed.

The parties must acknowledge that they, by the criminal acts, bear significant responsibility for this mess and that it will take a lot of work and good performance to regain the people’s trust. Serious measures must be implemented, such as requesting donor-country monitoring of foreign aid with extradition and trial in those countries for abuses. The noble sentiments so piously mouthed for so long must be transformed from hollow rhetoric into concerted action. They must learn that debate, compromise, and conciliation are the tools of democracy, not squabbling, arrogance and obstruction.

With much goodwill and flexibility, the factions can partially redeem themselves, end this nightmare, and put Nepal on the path to peace, social and economic justice, progress and decency. To do otherwise is to compound their crimes and further undermine their claims to legitimacy.

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Political Instability in Developing Countries

Dec 19, 2020 Shakti

Political Instability in Developing Countries - A Case Study on Nepal

It’s blessed with diverse geography and a multiethnic population. It has eight of the world’s ten tallest mountains. The country could’ve generated income from Hydropower, and the place could be a tourist attraction. Yet, the country experienced political instability for decades, badly hurting its development and economy. Amidst the global pandemic, the COVID-19 epidemic, Nepal still finds itself in political turmoil.

A Cycle of Political Instability in Nepal

On 1 June 2001, nine royal family members were killed in a massacre. At the time, Crown Prince Dipendra survived in a coma but didn’t regain consciousness. The killings occurred at the residence of the Nepalese monarchy. During a reunion dinner of the royal family, a mass shooting happened in the house.

In February 2002, the new King Gyanendra made a monumental move by suspending the Parliament and enforcing martial law to appoint his government. The process sees high-profile political leaders detained and telephone line services interrupted. UN-OHCHR responded by setting up a monitoring program 2005 to assess human rights in Nepal.

A coalition of the Seven Party Alliance (SPA) opposing the royal takeover agreed on a memorandum of peace and democracy later in 2005. This led to a countrywide uprising called Loktantra Andolan (Democracy Revolution). Massive and spontaneous demonstrations and rallies were all over Nepal, demanding the end of King Gyanendra’s autocratic rule.

Under immense pressure, King Gyanendra declared the power would be returned to the people in April 2006. Yet this did little to stop the demonstrations on the streets of Nepal towns. Within three days of King Gyanendra’s promise, he fulfilled the SPA’s demand for the House of Representatives reinstatement.

The parliament soon assumed full legislative power from His Majesty’s Government to the Government of Nepal. The King became subject to parliamentary scrutiny, and his properties were quickly subjected to taxation. The Hindu Kingdom is also replaced with a secular state. However, ongoing movements toward the ceremonial king and Hindu state were not resolved by referendum.

A Sign of a New Era of Hope or Endless Political Crisis

It took until December 2007 for the monarchy to be abolished, with the Prime Minister ruling as a head of state. The Party of Nepal (Moist) was the largest and celebrated the country becoming a federal republic. The Maoists took power after the election with Pushpa Kamal Dahal as Nepal’s Prime Minister. The Prime Minister soon disputed with the army chief, which left the latter to be dismissed. This is where President Ram Baran Yadav intervened using his supreme head of military power.

After this, the Prime Minister and his party quit the government, meaning Madhav Kumar Nepal was the new Prime Minister. In 2007, the first Madhes Movement erupted for the very first time. The Madhes movement started with various political parties based in Madhes for equal rights, dignity, and identity. Yet, it’s met with resistance from Madhesi and Tharus in Nepal. Many countries have shifted their focus to halt COVID-19, but Nepal is still in a never-ending cycle of political turmoil.

The current Nepalese Prime Minister KP Sharma introduced an ordinance that rules 40 percent support to split a party. Later, he withdrew it as it was just a bargain card. And no wonder, today (20th of Dec 2020), Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli has recommended the dissolution of the House of Representatives of the Federal Parliament at the emergency Cabinet meeting. Political instability is always in Nepal in one form or another. Many believe the economy is stable because of the Reserve Bank of India, but not Nepal’s currency (Nepal Rastra Bank).

Why is there Political Instability in Developing Countries?

One of the main reasons for unrest in developing countries is that political institutions are profit-oriented businesses. A contractor to a small business owner is usually linked to an economic source of a political party. On the whole, no movement orients citizen welfare organisations. This led to parties misusing their power and support. These people could even support lawbreakers if that helps them to stay in control.

It’s unfortunate to say that developing countries’ political systems are fragile and ruled by traditional thoughts. Instead of skilled people in power, those who would have quickly retired took centre stage in politics. This means the unity of the country is badly damaged. More youngsters who would have shaped the country migrate to foreign pastures.

According to the data, millions of developing countries’ citizens went abroad for job opportunities. Employment is scarce, and the unemployment rate is ever-growing. Many young people want to upgrade their lifestyle by often taking the chance to study or work in foreign countries as they see no future for them in their own countries.

For many, the political crisis is the root of the problem, leaving the country with no progress for years. As an example of Nepal, It’s usual for a new Prime Minister to have a strong economy once s/he is elected. This is usually the case in developing countries, as political leaders take advantage of their wealth for their own personal or party’s welfare.

The economic growth of Nepal is further slowed due to the pandemic and the subsequent lockdown. As World Bank’s report, it reaches an 18-year low with tourism, which is a halt and a disruption to domestic transport and retail trade. Agricultural growth is also affected on a significant scale. The same can be said about private consumption and investment on the expenditure side.

Restructuring the civil service and determining funds division would be expected to move from the government structure. A decade-long transition to federalism characterises Nepal. Currently, the government has a historic majority in Parliament, which could help to provide stability at long last, but the news is full of Endless Political crises.

Conclusion

Yet, transitioning from the unitary system to the federal one would always be daunting. There is also the risk of jurisdictional overlap between government tiers, which usually causes instability in developing countries. The election is costly and unsuitable during a pandemic; however, it’s the final step for political stability. But many developing countries need to create a culture of moral behaviour, mentioning leaders’ retirement age and direct election of Prime Minister / President in their consultation. Nepal’s struggle for a political rest can be taken as a case study for developing countries.

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Article Education

Overview of Nepal British Education System

Dec 18, 2020 Shakti

Overview of Nepal British Education System

Britain, also known as the United Kingdom, is an independent island nation northwest of Europe. Britain comprises the Island of Great Britain, England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. The British education system has five stages: early years, primary years, secondary education, Further Education (FE) and Higher Education (HE).

A British child is supposed to join the school from 5 years up to 16 years. It is a compulsory education stage. However, you can go further if you choose to go. The early year education or preschool is optional before joining the primary school at four or five, and it is part-time-based.

Primary school is split into age, infant or junior stages. Children are tested and benchmarked regularly with national exams done every year. The curriculum encourages literacy and numeracy. After secondary school at 16, the child can choose to stay for further education, choose vocational training or leave education entirely. Here, some structure variations depend on location.

All the compulsory levels are free except for miscellaneous fees like building repairs, academic trips, uniform costs, school materials and transport. The UK has international and private schools with varying fees and admission structures different from state schools. Most schools set their calendar to fit their schedules, but the state has set the school year to run from September to December with two weeks break for Christmas.

Schools reopen in January through to March or April for the Easter holiday. They break before summer term, which runs until mid-July. Schools take a half-term break halfway through each time and close for holidays. Comprehensive schools integrate students from an area without selection based on ability and help them learn and develop.

Characteristics of the British Education System

Critical Thinking:

The curriculum encourages developing problem-solving and thinking skills at an early age. In addition, each classroom has communication and technology facilities, laboratories, computer rooms and interactive whiteboards.

Future Learning:

Though the curriculum emphasises personal growth and learning abilities, the young student can adapt to changes without fear of restraint and develop the stamina to face the challenges of the 21st century. They become respectful, work hard to excel, become responsible and love peace.

Offers Personal Development:

The British education system focuses on developing the entire personality. More than learning is required. The structure of 5-16 and later to higher education or vocational training lead mainly to level qualification. Students bond over similar interests through clubs and sports and regularly visit the Student Union for fun events. In class, lectures are incorporated with tutorials, teaching groups, and interactive discussions, and an entire course is a couple of classes. Mostly they have mock classes.

International Standards:

The world recognises and respects British education. It is transferable, and students can move smoothly to places and the country. In addition, students travel to other continents with a student passport; this exposure works magic in class.

Affordable Higher Education Costs:

Education in a public university in Britain is relatively inexpensive compared to other private schools. It encourages most students to pursue it and those who leave with a balance; it is usually small and affordable to clean afterwards.

Nepal Education System Overview

Nepal is an officially democratic country in South Asia. It is in the Himalayas and also includes part of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It is landlocked and has eight of the world’s ten tallest mountains, including Mt. Everest. Its capital is Kathmandu, with Nepali as the official language. Nepali is a multiethnic country. However, Nepal has years of self-isolation and has become one of the least developed nations in the world.

Preschool learning does not form an integral part of the formal education system. The few facilities established to cater for the demand range from simple daycare centres operated by semiskilled tutors and ayahs to modernised but private playgrounds managed by trained teachers and nurses.

Nepal has four levels in Primary, and the child will spend 12 years up to the higher secondary level. Entry to higher education, except for technical programs like medicine, is relatively unrestricted. However, it pressures human resources and drains physical resources, causing the quality of education to be low.

Nepal offers free education in primary and provides books to girls and socially discriminated ethnic groups up to the lower secondary level. However, public schools perform so severely that parent opts to take their children to private schools. These schools may be established and managed by charity organisations or companies and private schools operated by business-minded people in semi-furnished residencies.

Though the government funds Nepal public schools, the schools need help to reach and maintain the expected educational quality standards, and they need to address the needs of society. The blame is on the lack of funds, accountability, and too much politicisation in the educational sector.

Characteristics of Sound Education Systems

The best education system should focus on critical concepts, teach them in-depth early, and ensure students can build their academic lives.
Teachers should be highly prized. Most countries value doctors, engineers, lawyers and so forth. Teaching should be considered prestigious and hard to earn. The public and educationists should respect teachers since they know it is hard to become one.
It should value what adds value to education. We overemphasise fancy technology. Training your teachers and developing a curriculum will bring better results and yield positive effects across sectors over time over fancy technology.
Offer remedial or attention to cases like special education to those who need it. Train teachers for special education to overcome exceptional issues and learning difficulties. It can be taken partly in ordinary schools for pupils to catch up with others or in a particular school only.
It should encourage critical thinking. Encourage collaborative problem solving, explanations rather than straight answers and essays rather than multiple choice exams. It should seem practical and easily transferable from one stage to another.
Every system has shortcomings. Nevertheless, the public should accept a sound system that answers the above needs because of minor faults. There is no perfect system. The unions or the policymakers can handle some.
A sound education system should encourage students to realise their talent. It should develop them as well. Books are essential, but the student should learn that incorporating talent and following it can also make one successful.

Conclusion

As much as there is no perfect education system, Nepal has much to consider if they compare it with the British education system. Nepal is strategically placed between two major cities and superpower countries, India and China. It should take advantage to improve in most of its sectors, especially the economic life of its people. The education sector rarely grows when people are fighting poverty and diseases. Their political instability and lack of accountability play a significant role in making their education sector perform poorly.

There is a severe need for conscious direct and indirect investment in their country to bring positive results in the education sector. A performing education system solves more than half of the nation’s needs. Investing in training teachers and providing enough quality resources in the education sector is a step towards establishing a robust, rich and respected country.

– Himan is a Previous School Teacher in Nepal

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Article Business Peace Conflict

Choosing Life A Challenge

Dec 12, 2020 Shakti

Choosing Life a Challenge

Choosing Life a Challenge – Several right-wing civil society leaders have recently declared that a large, costly military is necessary for Nepal’s survival in the 21st century. They believe some of the costs can be offset by participation in UN peacekeeping operations, but this would be a small part. Instead, some propose a role as a mercenary provider. They argue that having a hundred thousand soldiers hanging around the barracks is far more critical than having an equal number of teachers, health care personnel or infrastructure construction workers.

Under their plan, the army could make marginal contributions in this area, but their primary role would be military. But, as demonstrated by that most discerning test, the nation’s number one priority, the amount it is willing to spend, is its killing machine. I’m afraid I have to disagree. Only a fool would believe that any conceivable Nepalese army could repel an unlikely attack by India or China. These critics gloss over the NA’s horrific human rights record and the lack of commitment among its top ranks to democracy. Instead, they imagine Nepal as somehow invulnerable to a military coup d’etat. The militarists think that a big army is a mark of prestige; I believe it is a mark of disgrace.

With people starving to death in the West and alarming maternal and infant mortality rates, spending so much on a fighting force is cruel, immoral and shameful. Surely the police forces can be cleansed of their numerous thugs, murderers, rapists, robbers and extortionists, better trained and made more accountable for handling domestic security. The remaining military personnel can be disarmed and assigned to healing, teaching and rebuilding the nation. Nepal’s leaders would do well to heed the words attributed to God in the Bible, “I have placed before you life and death, blessing and cursing. Therefore choose the life that you and your children might live.”

I want to pose a challenge to the government. I would like to know if you can give me the support I need and depute 100 NA and Maoist cadres; I was selected to attend an 18-month Emergency Medical Technician-Paramedic training program. This training will be new to Nepal and is intensively focused on treating severe or life-threatening injuries, illnesses or other medical events, such as childbirth and its complications. As a career emergency medicine specialist and teacher, and given the number of bright, motivated young people in Nepal, we can turn out world-class personnel who can be posted to district hospitals to save lives in emergencies at no additional cost to the nation.

Let me take the challenge one step further. Nepal’s high unemployment, population, and economic growth require young people to work abroad. But instead of working as mercenaries, as envisioned by the pro-military factions, or as labourers or prostitutes, why not train nurses whose skills are in demand worldwide and whose wages are excellent? Can’t Nepal export professionals? Wouldn’t their much greater remittances contribute to economic growth at home? So give me some bright young soldiers of both genders and some support, and we’ll train them for three years; during their clinical assignments, they will augment staffing in the zonal hospital, and after graduation, they can serve a 3-year “payback” term after which they are free to go abroad.

These programs should be conducted in the areas of greatest need and with students drawn primarily from disadvantaged castes. To achieve political stability, the country must surpass the Kathmandu-centric, high-caste-dominated model that has prevailed for the past 237 years. Had projects like this been undertaken after the Jana Andolan I, there likely would never have been a Maoist insurgency. People didn’t join the Maoists for the snazzy uniforms or the pithy saying of Mao. Still, a better life and any government which does not make rapid progress toward delivering it are destined to fail.

Forget its mighty rivers, its majestic peaks or its remarkable biodiversity. Nepal’s most incredible resource is its sincere, intelligent, hard-working and adaptable people. As my hero, Dr Martin Luther King, Jr, said, “The hope of a secure and livable world lies with disciplined nonconformists dedicated to justice, peace and brotherhood.” So give us some support, and we’ll show you what we can do. Admittedly this proposal is small in scale, but better to light one small candle than curse the darkness. Moreover, it can serve as a prototype for other programs for the vocational retraining, psychological rehabilitation and social reintegration of a generation traumatised by war, desensitised to suffering and denied more productive careers.

Indeed Nepal’s youth are better utilised by bringing out the best—compassion, kindness, scientific knowledge and life-saving skill—than the worst—violence, hatred and lust for blood. And as for courage, who needs more of it, the adrenalin-pumped, psychologically manipulated, armed soldier or the paramedic who braves flames and landslides to save strangers’ lives? As Dante Alighieri taught us, “Think of your breed. For brutish ignorance, you were not made; you were made human to follow after excellence and knowledge.”

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